SPDX (Software Package Data Exchange)
O que é SPDX (Software Package Data Exchange)?
SPDX (Software Package Data Exchange)A Linux Foundation-maintained, ISO/IEC 5962-standardized open format for software bills of materials, originally focused on license metadata and now broadly used for SBOMs.
SPDX (Software Package Data Exchange) is an open BOM standard maintained by the Linux Foundation and ratified as ISO/IEC 5962 in 2021. It originated in 2010 to express software license information unambiguously across the supply chain and has since expanded to a full SBOM format covering components, relationships, file-level hashes, build metadata, security references, and AI/ML models (SPDX 3.0). SPDX SBOMs are typically serialized in JSON, YAML, RDF, or the original tag-value form. Together with CycloneDX, SPDX is one of the two formats explicitly named in U.S. CISA SBOM guidance and is the lingua franca of license compliance tooling — `fossology`, `scancode`, and most enterprise SCA platforms read and write it. SPDX 3.0, released in 2024, modularized the spec into profiles (Core, Software, Licensing, Security, Build, AI, Dataset), making it more competitive with CycloneDX for purely security-focused workflows.
● Exemplos
- 01
A Linux distribution publishes per-package SPDX documents containing SHA-256 file hashes and resolved SPDX license identifiers.
- 02
An OSS project's release pipeline emits both SPDX 3.0 and CycloneDX SBOMs so customers can ingest whichever their tooling supports.
● Perguntas frequentes
O que é SPDX (Software Package Data Exchange)?
A Linux Foundation-maintained, ISO/IEC 5962-standardized open format for software bills of materials, originally focused on license metadata and now broadly used for SBOMs. Pertence à categoria Segurança de aplicações da cibersegurança.
O que significa SPDX (Software Package Data Exchange)?
A Linux Foundation-maintained, ISO/IEC 5962-standardized open format for software bills of materials, originally focused on license metadata and now broadly used for SBOMs.
Como funciona SPDX (Software Package Data Exchange)?
SPDX (Software Package Data Exchange) is an open BOM standard maintained by the Linux Foundation and ratified as ISO/IEC 5962 in 2021. It originated in 2010 to express software license information unambiguously across the supply chain and has since expanded to a full SBOM format covering components, relationships, file-level hashes, build metadata, security references, and AI/ML models (SPDX 3.0). SPDX SBOMs are typically serialized in JSON, YAML, RDF, or the original tag-value form. Together with CycloneDX, SPDX is one of the two formats explicitly named in U.S. CISA SBOM guidance and is the lingua franca of license compliance tooling — `fossology`, `scancode`, and most enterprise SCA platforms read and write it. SPDX 3.0, released in 2024, modularized the spec into profiles (Core, Software, Licensing, Security, Build, AI, Dataset), making it more competitive with CycloneDX for purely security-focused workflows.
Como se defender contra SPDX (Software Package Data Exchange)?
As defesas contra SPDX (Software Package Data Exchange) costumam combinar controles técnicos e práticas operacionais, conforme detalhado na definição acima.
Quais são outros nomes para SPDX (Software Package Data Exchange)?
Nomes alternativos comuns: Software Package Data Exchange, ISO/IEC 5962.
● Termos relacionados
- appsec№ 1185
Software Bill of Materials (SBOM)
Inventário formal e legível por máquina dos componentes, bibliotecas e dependências que compõem um software, com versões e respetivas relações.
- appsec№ 297
CycloneDX
An OWASP-curated open standard for software, SaaS, ML, and crypto bills of materials, designed from the start for security use cases and now widely used to ship SBOMs alongside releases.
- appsec№ 1328
VEX (Vulnerability Exploitability eXchange)
A machine-readable companion to the SBOM that tells consumers whether a listed CVE actually affects a given product — distinguishing 'present in the bill of materials' from 'reachable and exploitable'.
- appsec№ 1186
Segurança da cadeia de fornecimento de software
Disciplina que protege cada elo da produção de software - código-fonte, dependências, build, assinatura, distribuição e deploy - contra manipulação, código malicioso e perda de integridade.
- ai-security№ 029
AI Bill of Materials (AIBOM)
Inventário legível por máquina de cada componente de um sistema de IA — datasets, modelos base, dados de fine-tuning, bibliotecas, prompts e artefactos de avaliação — usado para segurança, conformidade e responsabilização.
- appsec№ 1082
SCA (Software Composition Analysis)
Análise automatizada dos componentes open source e de terceiros da aplicação para identificar vulnerabilidades conhecidas, problemas de licença e dependências desatualizadas ou arriscadas.