SPDX (Software Package Data Exchange)
¿Qué es SPDX (Software Package Data Exchange)?
SPDX (Software Package Data Exchange)A Linux Foundation-maintained, ISO/IEC 5962-standardized open format for software bills of materials, originally focused on license metadata and now broadly used for SBOMs.
SPDX (Software Package Data Exchange) is an open BOM standard maintained by the Linux Foundation and ratified as ISO/IEC 5962 in 2021. It originated in 2010 to express software license information unambiguously across the supply chain and has since expanded to a full SBOM format covering components, relationships, file-level hashes, build metadata, security references, and AI/ML models (SPDX 3.0). SPDX SBOMs are typically serialized in JSON, YAML, RDF, or the original tag-value form. Together with CycloneDX, SPDX is one of the two formats explicitly named in U.S. CISA SBOM guidance and is the lingua franca of license compliance tooling — `fossology`, `scancode`, and most enterprise SCA platforms read and write it. SPDX 3.0, released in 2024, modularized the spec into profiles (Core, Software, Licensing, Security, Build, AI, Dataset), making it more competitive with CycloneDX for purely security-focused workflows.
● Ejemplos
- 01
A Linux distribution publishes per-package SPDX documents containing SHA-256 file hashes and resolved SPDX license identifiers.
- 02
An OSS project's release pipeline emits both SPDX 3.0 and CycloneDX SBOMs so customers can ingest whichever their tooling supports.
● Preguntas frecuentes
¿Qué es SPDX (Software Package Data Exchange)?
A Linux Foundation-maintained, ISO/IEC 5962-standardized open format for software bills of materials, originally focused on license metadata and now broadly used for SBOMs. Pertenece a la categoría de Seguridad de aplicaciones en ciberseguridad.
¿Qué significa SPDX (Software Package Data Exchange)?
A Linux Foundation-maintained, ISO/IEC 5962-standardized open format for software bills of materials, originally focused on license metadata and now broadly used for SBOMs.
¿Cómo funciona SPDX (Software Package Data Exchange)?
SPDX (Software Package Data Exchange) is an open BOM standard maintained by the Linux Foundation and ratified as ISO/IEC 5962 in 2021. It originated in 2010 to express software license information unambiguously across the supply chain and has since expanded to a full SBOM format covering components, relationships, file-level hashes, build metadata, security references, and AI/ML models (SPDX 3.0). SPDX SBOMs are typically serialized in JSON, YAML, RDF, or the original tag-value form. Together with CycloneDX, SPDX is one of the two formats explicitly named in U.S. CISA SBOM guidance and is the lingua franca of license compliance tooling — `fossology`, `scancode`, and most enterprise SCA platforms read and write it. SPDX 3.0, released in 2024, modularized the spec into profiles (Core, Software, Licensing, Security, Build, AI, Dataset), making it more competitive with CycloneDX for purely security-focused workflows.
¿Cómo defenderse de SPDX (Software Package Data Exchange)?
Las defensas contra SPDX (Software Package Data Exchange) combinan habitualmente controles técnicos y prácticas operativas, como se detalla en la definición.
¿Cuáles son otros nombres para SPDX (Software Package Data Exchange)?
Nombres alternativos comunes: Software Package Data Exchange, ISO/IEC 5962.
● Términos relacionados
- appsec№ 1185
Software Bill of Materials (SBOM)
Inventario formal y legible por máquina de los componentes, bibliotecas y dependencias que componen un software, junto con sus versiones y relaciones.
- appsec№ 297
CycloneDX
An OWASP-curated open standard for software, SaaS, ML, and crypto bills of materials, designed from the start for security use cases and now widely used to ship SBOMs alongside releases.
- appsec№ 1328
VEX (Vulnerability Exploitability eXchange)
A machine-readable companion to the SBOM that tells consumers whether a listed CVE actually affects a given product — distinguishing 'present in the bill of materials' from 'reachable and exploitable'.
- appsec№ 1186
Seguridad de la cadena de suministro de software
Disciplina que protege cada eslabón de la producción de software —fuente, dependencias, build, firma, distribución y despliegue— frente a manipulación, código malicioso y pérdida de integridad.
- ai-security№ 029
Lista de materiales de IA (AIBOM)
Inventario legible por máquina de cada componente que entra en un sistema de IA —datasets, modelos base, datos de fine-tuning, librerías, prompts y artefactos de evaluación— usado para seguridad, cumplimiento y rendición de cuentas.
- appsec№ 1082
SCA (Análisis de composición de software)
Análisis automatizado de los componentes open source y de terceros de una aplicación para identificar vulnerabilidades conocidas, problemas de licencia y dependencias obsoletas o de riesgo.