CyberGlossary

Network Security

Intrusion Detection System (IDS)

Also known as: IDS

Definition

A passive security control that monitors network or host activity for malicious behaviour and raises alerts without blocking traffic.

An Intrusion Detection System (IDS) inspects traffic, logs, or system calls and generates alerts when it observes activity matching known signatures, statistical anomalies, or policy violations. IDS deployments may be network-based (NIDS) on SPAN/TAP ports or host-based (HIDS) on endpoints, and they typically forward alerts to a SIEM for correlation, triage, and incident response. Because an IDS only detects — it does not block — it can be placed inline-safe, has no risk of breaking traffic, and is well suited to high-throughput sensitive environments. Effective IDS work requires careful tuning, current signature feeds, threat-intel enrichment, and a mature analyst workflow to convert alerts into action.

Examples

  • Suricata watching a SPAN port and alerting on a Log4Shell exploitation pattern.
  • OSSEC on a Linux host detecting modifications to /etc/passwd and sending an alert to SIEM.

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