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Vol. 1 · Ed. 2026
CyberGlossary
Entry № 355

Doxxing

What is Doxxing?

DoxxingPublishing or threatening to publish a person's private identifying information online with the intent to harass, intimidate, or facilitate harm.


Doxxing (also spelled doxing) is the deliberate exposure of someone's real-world identity, home address, workplace, phone number, family members, or other private details by aggregating data from breaches, social media, public records, and OSINT. Attackers use doxxing for harassment campaigns, extortion, stalking, or as a precursor to swatting or physical threats. The technique fuels many real-world security incidents and can cause severe psychological, professional, and physical consequences. Defences include strict privacy hygiene (data minimisation, separate aliases for sensitive accounts), opt-outs from data brokers, locked-down social profiles, MFA on email and phone, rapid takedown procedures with platforms, and engagement with law enforcement when threats escalate.

Examples

  1. 01

    Compiling a target's home address, employer, and family members from breached data and posting them on a forum.

  2. 02

    Threatening to publish a person's private medical history unless they pay a ransom.

Frequently asked questions

What is Doxxing?

Publishing or threatening to publish a person's private identifying information online with the intent to harass, intimidate, or facilitate harm. It belongs to the Attacks & Threats category of cybersecurity.

What does Doxxing mean?

Publishing or threatening to publish a person's private identifying information online with the intent to harass, intimidate, or facilitate harm.

How does Doxxing work?

Doxxing (also spelled doxing) is the deliberate exposure of someone's real-world identity, home address, workplace, phone number, family members, or other private details by aggregating data from breaches, social media, public records, and OSINT. Attackers use doxxing for harassment campaigns, extortion, stalking, or as a precursor to swatting or physical threats. The technique fuels many real-world security incidents and can cause severe psychological, professional, and physical consequences. Defences include strict privacy hygiene (data minimisation, separate aliases for sensitive accounts), opt-outs from data brokers, locked-down social profiles, MFA on email and phone, rapid takedown procedures with platforms, and engagement with law enforcement when threats escalate.

How do you defend against Doxxing?

Defences for Doxxing typically combine technical controls and operational practices, as detailed in the full definition above.

What are other names for Doxxing?

Common alternative names include: Doxing, Document dropping.

Related terms