CyberGlossary

Malware

Adware

Also known as: Advertising-supported malware, PUP adware

Definition

Software that automatically displays, injects, or redirects to advertisements, often bundled with free software and frequently tracking user behavior.

Adware injects advertisements into the user experience — pop-ups, banners, search-result hijacks, or redirects — typically to generate revenue for its operator. It is often bundled with free utilities, browser extensions or pirated software, and frequently includes tracking components that report browsing habits. While not always malicious in the strict sense, aggressive adware degrades performance, undermines privacy, and can serve as a stepping stone for more harmful payloads such as malvertising-delivered exploits. Defences include reputable app sources, browser extension review, ad blockers, anti-PUP scanners, and removal of unnecessary bundled software.

Examples

  • Bundled "free PDF reader" installers that add unwanted browser toolbars.
  • Fireball, an adware family that turned browsers into ad-revenue zombies.

Related terms