CyberGlossary

Network Security

Wildcard Certificate

Also known as: Wildcard TLS certificate

Definition

An X.509 certificate whose subject name uses an asterisk to cover any single label under a given domain, such as *.example.com.

A wildcard certificate covers an arbitrary number of single-label subdomains of a parent domain. It is convenient for serving many subdomains, multi-tenant applications and dynamic naming with a single certificate and private key. The asterisk applies to one DNS label only — *.example.com matches a.example.com but not a.b.example.com — and never matches the bare apex. Trade-offs include a wider blast radius if the private key is stolen (every subdomain becomes a forgeable target), more complex lifecycle handling, and tighter scrutiny by CAs (often requiring DNS-01 validation). For sensitive subdomains, prefer dedicated certificates with strong key isolation and short lifetimes.

Examples

  • *.example.com used to terminate TLS for blog.example.com, shop.example.com and api.example.com.
  • A SaaS platform issuing a single *.tenants.example.com wildcard for all customer subdomains.

Related terms