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Vol. 1 · Ed. 2026
CyberGlossary
Entry № 235

CRIME Attack

What is CRIME Attack?

CRIME AttackA 2012 side-channel attack by Rizzo and Duong that recovers HTTPS session cookies by exploiting TLS-level compression and observing ciphertext lengths.


CRIME (Compression Ratio Info-leak Made Easy) was demonstrated at Ekoparty 2012 by Juliano Rizzo and Thai Duong. When TLS or SPDY compression is enabled, repeated bytes between attacker-injected content and a secret cookie shrink the compressed record. By observing the encrypted record length while iterating guess bytes from a hostile JavaScript context, the attacker recovers HTTP headers, including session cookies, character by character. The mitigation was immediate and structural: disable TLS-level compression. All modern browsers and TLS stacks (TLS 1.3 has no record-level compression) followed suit, and CRIME directly inspired the later BREACH attack against HTTP-body compression.

Examples

  1. 01

    Stealing a session cookie from an authenticated HTTPS site by injecting requests from a controlled iframe.

  2. 02

    Exploiting SPDY header compression to leak Authorization headers.

Frequently asked questions

What is CRIME Attack?

A 2012 side-channel attack by Rizzo and Duong that recovers HTTPS session cookies by exploiting TLS-level compression and observing ciphertext lengths. It belongs to the Attacks & Threats category of cybersecurity.

What does CRIME Attack mean?

A 2012 side-channel attack by Rizzo and Duong that recovers HTTPS session cookies by exploiting TLS-level compression and observing ciphertext lengths.

How does CRIME Attack work?

CRIME (Compression Ratio Info-leak Made Easy) was demonstrated at Ekoparty 2012 by Juliano Rizzo and Thai Duong. When TLS or SPDY compression is enabled, repeated bytes between attacker-injected content and a secret cookie shrink the compressed record. By observing the encrypted record length while iterating guess bytes from a hostile JavaScript context, the attacker recovers HTTP headers, including session cookies, character by character. The mitigation was immediate and structural: disable TLS-level compression. All modern browsers and TLS stacks (TLS 1.3 has no record-level compression) followed suit, and CRIME directly inspired the later BREACH attack against HTTP-body compression.

How do you defend against CRIME Attack?

Defences for CRIME Attack typically combine technical controls and operational practices, as detailed in the full definition above.

What are other names for CRIME Attack?

Common alternative names include: CRIME, Compression Ratio Info-leak Made Easy.

Related terms

See also